codeBasic Programming Language

What its programming?

Programming is the process of designing, writing, testing, and maintaining a series of instructions (code) that command a computer to perform specific tasks, such as creating applications, websites, or automating work. It is a form of communication between humans and machines using programming languages (such as Python, Java, JavaScript).

Here are the details about programming:

Purpose: To give commands to a computer to solve problems, process data, or perform specific functions.

Programming language

A programming language is a set of instructions, syntactic rules, and formal notation used by humans to communicate with computers and instruct them to perform specific tasks. It is the foundation of software, application, and website development, which converts human logic into machine-readable code.

Main Functions of Programming Languages

  1. Automating Tasks: Performing repetitive tasks automatically and with precision.

  2. Application/Website Development: Creating various software, ranging from mobile applications and games to operating systems.

  3. Problem Solving: Processing data and finding solutions to complex problems.

  4. Bridging Communication: Acting as an intermediary between human logic and computer hardware.

Examples of Popular Programming Languages

  1. Python: Popular for beginners, data science, and AI.

  2. JavaScript: The standard for creating interactive web pages.

  3. Java: Widely used for enterprise applications and Android.

  4. C++: Used for systems that require high performance.

  5. PHP: Commonly used for server-side web development.

Programming Languages & Their Levels

Level
Role
Example Lang

Low Level

Machine like operating system, IoT and embedding program

Assembly

Mid-level

Design system, microservice and logic

C, C++ c#

High Level

Easier for humans to read

PHP, Python

Interpreter vs Compiler

Interpreter

Code is executed line by line at runtime. Advantages:

  1. Fast for testing

  2. No build process required Disadvantages:

  3. Slower than compiled languages

Example PHP via terminal:

Compiler

The code is first converted into a binary file. Stages:

  1. Preprocessing

  2. Compilation

  3. Linking

  4. An executable is created

Compile example:

Please take a note:

Some compilers have differences, for example, clang, gcc, mingw, and Microsoft Visual C++ compilers. In my experience using several compilers, there were errors due to differences in the environment, standardization, syntax during the compilation process, and compiler versions. For more details, read the documentation.

Interpreter vs Compiler (In a Nutshell)

Interpreter

Compiler

Executes code line by line directly

Translates the entire code first into an executable file

During program execution (runtime)

During the compilation process before execution

Slower

Faster

Does not produce a .exe or executable file

Produces an .exe file or binary executable

What is code editor

A code editor is software designed to write, edit, and manage program code more efficiently than a regular text editor, offering important features such as syntax highlighting, auto-completion, and error checking to help developers increase productivity and minimize errors. It is a must-have tool for programmers working with various languages such as Python, JavaScript, PHP, and others, and can be a versatile tool or one designed for specific purposes, such as VS Code, Sublime Text, or Atom.

IDE code editor what mean?

IDE (Integrated Development Environment) A complete environment that combines an editor, debugger, compiler, and other tools in a single interface for the full development cycle. Examples: Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, Code Blocks.

What are the aspects of programming languages?

  1. Algorithm and Structure Data

Data structures are ways of organizing and storing data in computers so that it can be used efficiently. Each structure has advantages and disadvantages, depending on the needs of the application being developed.

For example, arrays (especially static arrays) are suitable for storing a fixed amount of data and can be accessed directly using an index. Some programming languages also provide dynamic array implementations that can change in size.

Example in C

Output

  1. Variable

Variables in programming are symbolic names or containers for storing data values in computer memory, the contents of which can be changed or manipulated while the program is running. They serve to store data such as numbers, text, etc.

Example in C

Output

  1. Class and Function

A class is defined with the classarrow-up-right keyword, followed by the name of the class and a pair of curly braces ({}). All its properties and methods go inside the braces.

Assume we create a class named Fruit. The Fruit class can have properties like name and color. In addition, the Fruit class has two methods for setting and getting the details:

Example PHP

Output

Example 2

and anymore, there is progarmming advance like OOP, DevOps Architecture & Infrastructure

Requirements for a language to be called a programming language

Minimum requirements do have progamming language:

1. Variables

Can store values in memory.

Example (PHP):

2. Operations/Calculations

Can process data.

3. Branching (Decision Making)

Can make decisions

4. Loops

Can repeat instructions

5. Program Flow Control

Can control the execution flow (functions, calls, returns, etc.)

6. Turing Complete (Theoretical Concept)

Theoretically, the language can solve all computations if given sufficient time and memory.

Languages such as C, PHP, and Python meet all of the above requirements.

This is why are HTML, CSS, Markdown, and JSON NOT programming languages, because:

HTML only tells the browser:

Example:

HTML cannot:

  1. Perform calculations

  2. Repeat processes

  3. Make logical decisions

Because they have no control over execution logic.

Conclusion

Programming language = manages logic and processes

HTML/CSS/MD/JSON = manages display or data structure

Tips learn programming language

  1. Read the documentation

  2. Read and practice with study case

Playground and platform for learn programming

Intermezo just share

Many people ask me about programming functions in the world of OSINT and the use of APIs. One case that I found particularly interesting involved someone who contacted me to say that they had been scammed into buying an OSINT tool for doxing on a Telegram channel. They gave me the source code, and what happened? Well, the entire code was completely nonsensical and didn't function as intended. In fact, the code was dangerous because it locked files and deleted files. I suspect it was created by AI because it contained emojis and vocabulary that resembled AI (vibe code)

The gist of the conversation above is that someone bought an OSINT tool for tracking but got scammed and the code didn't work. There were other scripts like WhatsApp spam and viruses, but after I checked, it looked like it was made by AI, and the victim didn't know anything about programming and ran the program, losing their data and locking some files. Therefore, this serves as an important lesson: do not trust transactions on Telegram or those with poor reputations. If there is code involved, check first whether the script is harmful? Is it obfuscated? And so on. If you are curious, install it on a Virtual Machine or sandbox, either locally or via the cloud such as a VPS (virtual private server).

Why is programming important?

From my experience during college and working in web development, IT security, OSINT, and research, coding or programming is important because it allows you to solve problems, automate tasks, process data, and more

OSINT with programming language

From my experience in the field of OSINT, it is necessary to perform automation, text intelligence, formatting, and massive data collection, which is then stored in a database and turned into an intelligence information system. An example of this is collecting information about usernames and post content on social media. This can be accomplished through programming to simplify your OSINT

Example code for scrapping Jieyab OSINT resouces and wiki

Result

Parsing data with node gaph (visualization)

Example code for check account register at spotify

Analysis request - Valid email address

If email was registered will return 400 HTTP error code with the response message like image below

Analysis request - Not valid email address

If email available will return 200 HTTP error code with the response message like image below

After that you can make a script for automation parsing the email address at spotify

Example code in Python

On web or fronted

If you want more something special like bypass the captcha, more accurate need take more time, analysis the API and check each endpoint both on mobile android, ios and web apps target

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